Uqturpan County[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] or Uchturpan County
Name
Uqturpan is also spelled Uchturpan and Uch-Turfan.
History
Tang
During the Battle of Aksu (717), the Umayyad Caliphate and their
Turgesh and
Tibetan Empire allies hope to seize Uqturpan (then known as Dai-dʑiᴇk-dʑiᴇŋ) from
Tang dynasty-
Karluks-Exiled Western Turkic Khaganate allies but were repelled.
[ of Zizhi Tongjian]
Qing
Ush Turfan was the site of a battle between Barhanuddin and Abdulla during the Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas.
Six years after the Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas, ten years after the
Qing dynasty's rescue of the Khoja Brothers from Dzungars, an anti-Qing uprising of the local Turkic (later "
Uyghur people") people took place in Uqturpan. Legend says that a local rebel leader was married to Iparhan, known as the "Fragrant Concubine" a descendant of
Apaq Khoja. During the turmoil, many fled, and the thousands who remained were killed by Sino-Manchu forces. Later, the area was repopulated by migrants from what is now Southern
Xinjiang.
[Laura J. Newby, "'Us and Them' in Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Xinjiang," in Ildikó Bellér-Hann, et al., eds., Situating the Uyghurs between China and Central Asia (2007), p. 26.]
The Ush rebellion in 1765 by Uyghurs against the Manchus occurred after Uyghur women were gang raped by the servants and son of Manchu official Su-cheng.
21st century
In 2012, Aqyar Township (Aheya) was made a town.
In a 2012 article from
Radio Free Asia, it was reported that according to family sources and local authorities, Islam Urayim, then 32, a native of Uqturpan County who had been deported to China on December 19, 2009, despite
Asylum seeker in Cambodia, had been sentenced to life in prison. It was unclear when Urayim was sentenced or on what charges he was convicted.
On April 3, 2015, Imam Township (Yimamu) was made a town.
On October 27, 2019, at 1:29 PM, a 5.0-magnitude earthquake hit Uqturpan County. No casualties were reported.
According to a 2020 Radio Free Asia report, it was estimated by local officials that 20,000 Uyghurs were detained in the three re-education camps in the county.
Geography
The highest point in Uqturpan County is Zhatekelie Feng (扎特克列峰) at above sea level.
59.9% of the territory of Uqturpan County is mountainous, 27.6% is Gobi Desert areas and 12.5% is valley flatland.
Administrative divisions
Uqturpan County administered 3 towns, 5 townships and 1 ethnic townships:
|
|
| Towns |
Uqturpan Town
(Wushi Town) | 乌什镇 | | ئۇچتۇرپان بازىرى | | 652927100 | |
Aqyar Town | 阿合雅镇 | | ئاقيار بازىرى | | 652927101 | |
Imam Town | 依麻木镇 | | ئىمام بازىرى | | 652927102 | formerly Imam Township (依麻木乡) |
| Townships |
| Aqtoqay Township | 阿克托海乡 | | ئاقتوقاي يېزىسى | | 652927200 | |
Yakowruk Township | 亚科瑞克乡 | | ياكۆۋرۈك يېزىسى | | 652927201 | |
| Achatagh Township | 阿恰塔格乡 | | ئاچاتاغ يېزىسى | | 652927202 | |
Yengiawat Township[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] | 英阿瓦提乡 | | يېڭىئاۋات يېزىسى | | 652927205 | |
| Otbeshi Township | 奥特贝希乡 | | ئوتبېشى يېزىسى | | 652927207 | |
| Ethnic township |
| Yamansu Kyrgyz Ethnic Township | 亚曼苏柯尔克孜族乡 | | يامانسۇ قىرغىز يېزىسى | | 652927206 | (Kyrgyz language)
جامانسۇۇ قىرعىز ايىلى
Жаман-Суу Кыргыз айылы |
|
Climate
Demographics
As of 2015, 216,579 of the 235,336 residents of the county were
Uyghurs, 11,462 were
Han Chinese, 5,613 were
Kyrgyz people and 1,682 were from other ethnic groups.
As of 1999, 90.01% of the population of Uqturpan (Wushi) County was Uyghur and 6.73% of the population was Han Chinese.
Economy
Uqturpan County's economy is primarily based on agriculture and animal husbandry, producing wheat, rice, corn, cotton, sesame (), rapeseed, and pelts. Industries include cooking oil processing, tractor repair, and construction among others.
, there was about 86,800 acres (572,793 mu) of cultivated land in Uqturpan.
Historical maps
Historical English-language maps including Uqturpan:
File:STANFORD(1917) p61 PLATE19. SINKIANG (14597194848).jpg|Map including Uqturpan (labeled as Uch Turfan) (1917)
File:A-k`o-su NK-44 (1950) - panoramio.jpg|Map including Uqturpan (labeled as WU-SHIH (UCH TURFAN)) and surrounding region from the International Map of the World (AMS, 1950)
File:NK-44-7 Wu-Shih China 1973.jpg|Map including Uqturpan (labeled as WU-SHIH (UCH TURFAN)) (DMA, 1973)
File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566 f-6c.jpg|Map including Uqturpan (labeled as Wushi) (DMA, 1981)
File:Operational Navigation Chart F-6, 6th edition.jpg|From the Operational Navigation Chart; map including Uqturpan (labeled as Wu-shih (Wushi)) (DMA, 1985)
Notes
